Bourne Archive: Bourne: Foster
http://boar.org.uk/abiwxo3Foster’sBourne.htm Latest edit 31 Oct 2010
Web page & commentary© 2007 R.J.PENHEY
The Bourne Archive
C.W. Foster’s Introduction to his Transcription of the Parish Register of Bourne Abbey (1921)
Originally published by Lincolnshire Record Society
This document was transcribed from a book lent by the Lincolnshire County Library Service, to which I offer my thanks.
The wapentake of Aveland, in which Bourne is the principal town, is a part of Lincolnshire which has not yet found a historian 1 i ; and there seems to be but little hope that the projected Victoria County History, of which a volume appeared in 1906, will be continued.
Although it is beyond the scope of a short introduction like the present to tell the history of Bourne, with its abbey, its chapels, its castle, its barony, its manors, and its principal families, it seems desirable to mention a few facts which may lead to a better understanding of the part of the parish register which is now printed for the members of the Lincoln Record Society.
The parish of Bourne contains the hamlets of Cawthorpe and Dyke. In the time of Henry VIII, 2 Egate or Eagate, on the eastern side of the town or, in other words, the part of the town which lay to the east of the Car Dyke, was reckoned as a hamlet or district. The name is evidently derived from the Bourne Ea, 3 the stream which rises in the town, and flows eastward to join the River Glen at Tongue End. This district is now known as Eastgate, and its chief street is called by the same name; but certainly in the former connection, and probably in the latter also, the name is a corruption of the ancient Eagate.
The parish church of Bourne with several
other churches, and land in Bourne and elsewhere, was given in 1138 by Baldwin
son of Gilbert to Gervase abbot of Arrouaise,
in Artois, in the Diocese of Arras, for the foundation of a monastery. The
house, according to the evidence of the earliest charters and of its conventual seal, was dedicated to Saint Peter, but in later
times it had the double dedication of Saint Peter and
To provide for the religious needs of the parishioners a vicarage ii was constituted early in the thirteenth century, and endowed with a stipend of six marks a year. The vicar was to have his victuals as a secular vicar at the canons’ table; his groom likewise was to be maintained; and the abbey was to provide forage for his horse. Whenever the vicar travelled on the church’s business he was to have a portion of meat and drink (prebendam) according to the means of the house. For his raiment he was to be allowed twenty shillings a year: and he was to have the oblations iii on the greater festivals, and a penny for espousals, and a penny for a corse-present (pro corpore presenti5), and the secundum legatum ; and further he was to have a toft iv within the abbey, near the gate. 6
After the dissolution of the abbey
in 1539, v the nave continued
to serve its original purpose, while the monastic quire also seems to have been
used for parochial purposes. In a report on the state of the churches in the
At the time of the suppression of
the house, the community consisted of an abbot and twelve canons. On 12
February, 1536-7, Richard Riche, of London, grocer, received from the Court of
Augmentations a lease of the rectory for twenty-one years, and Richard Cotton,
of Bedhampton, in Hampshire, a similar lease on the
site and demesne of the abbey. 8
vii On 31 December, 1538, Cotton
and his wife Joan obtained a grant from the Crown of the reversion of these two
leases, and a grant of the church, steeple, and churchyard, with the demesne
and other lands of the abbey. 9
In June 1553, they conveyed to the Crown the manors of Bourne and Morton, the
site [of the abbey] or capital messuage of Bourne,
200 messuages, lands, tenements, and rents in Bourne,
Cawthorpe, Dyke, Westgate, Wilsthorpe, Morton, and
Hanthorpe, the rectory of Bourne with its tithes, and the free warren and view
of frankpledge of
Bourne. 10 An indenture, dated 24 June in
the same year, shews that the grantors received from
the Crown in exchange the Dee mills and fishings near
The rectory and grange of Bourne, which are mentioned above as having been reconveyed to the Crown by Cotton and his wife, were granted by the Crown, 11 May, 1608, to Francis Phelips and Richard Moine, 14 soon after which date the church seems to have come into the possession of the Browne family, xii for we find members of that family presenting to the vicarage from 1613 until the middle of the eighteenth century.
On the death of Thomas, the second
Lord Wake, the barony of Wake passed through his sister and heiress, Margaret,
countess of Kent, and widow of Edmund [Plantagenet] of Woodstock, earl of Kent,
into her husband’s family, whence it was carried by Joan Plantagenet, the Fair
Maid of Kent, the mother of Richard II, into the family of Holland, earls of
Kent. With the barony descended the castle and manor of Bourne and the advowson
of the abbey. 16
Joan, the widow of Thomas earl of
The opportunity may be taken here of mentioning another famous native of Bourne Robert Mannyng, or Robert de Brunne (who flourished 1288-1338), the poet, who describes himself as of ‘Brunne wake in Kesteuene.’ He was not a canon of Bourne, as is sometimes stated, but was connected with the Gilbertine houses of Sempringham and Sixle. Members of his family are found making gifts to Bourne abbey: Thomas Maning’ of Brunne who gave land to the chapel of Saint Mary of Brunna, and Thomas son of Geoffrey Mannyng of Brunne who gave two selions in the shot called ‘Ediswonk’ in the field of Bourne. 21 Robert Mannyng’s works consist of: (1) Handlyng Synne, (2) Chronicle of England, (3) Meditacyuns of þe Soper of our Lorde Ihesus; and also of hys Passyun; and eke of þe peynes of his swete moder, Mayden Marye þe whyche made yn Latyn Bonaventure Cardynall. Dr. Furnivall speaks of him as a language reformer, who helped to make English flexible and easy. 22
By the time at which the parish
register begins,
There appere grete diches, and the dungeon hil of an auncient castel agayne the west ende of the priori, sumwhat distant from it as on the other side of the streate bakwarde: it longgid to the Lorde Wake, and much service of the Wake fe is done to this castelle; and every feodarie knowith his station and place of service. 23
Peak’s account of the towns in Kesteven, which Marrat24 printed, shews that the buildings, though ruinous, had not disappeared as Leland’s account seems to imply. xvi A note in the parish register says:
Memorandum that the Garryson at
It is difficult to interpret this entry, but it is
possible that the castle was manned on behalf of the King, for a local
tradition says that Cromwell caused the castle to be dismantled because of the
town’s loyalty to the royal cause. On October the 11th, the day mentioned in
the note, Charles was at
A few particulars may be given about vicars of Bourne during the period covered by the present volume.
Thomas Baxter was instituted 7
May, 1562, on the Queen’s presentation. 29 xix
In 1569 he held another benefice in plurality, 30
and we may conclude that this was the rectory of Draughton,
co. Northampton, which he certainly held in plurality in 1576. 31 On 27 March, 1573, he was
instituted to the vicarage of Thurlby, 32 and thus vacated Bourne. In a Liber Cleri of 1576
it is recorded that he was ordained priest by the Bishop of London, 1 February,
1561-2; was aged 42, and married; resided at Draughton;
performed the holy mysteries prescribed by public authority; had some little
skill in Latin; was well versed in sacred learning; and was licensed to preach
within the diocese of Peterborough.33 He
resigned the vicarage of Thurlby about 1586, 34
and is found no more in he records of the diocese of
The vicarage is entered as vacant
in 1576, 35 and no institution is recorded until 1581. Meanwhile
Richard Fowler, who describes himself as minister or curate, signs the bishops’
transcripts in 1577 and 1578. 36
On 28 July, 1581, Richard Foster was presented by the Queen to the vicarage of
Bourne, and instituted at Buckden, 5 September. 37 He
was ordained priest by the Bishop of Peterborough, 20 September, 1561. 38 He resigned the vicarage about November, 1585,
and was instituted to the rectory of Folkingham, 11 November, 1585. 39 In 1590 he contributed a light horse to the
‘subsidy of armour and warlike furnitur’ provided by
the clergy within the diocese of
John Jackson was presented by the
Queen to the vicarage, 15 November, 1585. 44
In 1590 he contributed a bow to the subsidy of armour. 45 The Liber Cleri of 1603 records that he had a preaching licence
from Bishop
Wickham, and that there were then nine hundred communicants in the parish.46 He was one of the small and dwindling band of about
eighteen clergymen in the extensive diocese of Lincoln were proceed against for
nonconformity in the early years of the seventeenth century. The bishop, as the
diocesan records shew, treated these men with extreme
patience and consideration.
On 2 March, 1612-13, at Buckden, Edmund Lolley, M.A., of Magdalen College, Oxford, was instituted to the vicarage, on the presentation of John Browne, of Stamford, esquire,50 and inducted on 3 April following. At that time he was about 28 years of age, having been ordained deacon and priest by the Pishop of Peterborough, 22 May 1608, and licensed as a preacher by the Archbishop of Canterbury.51 He died 11 July, 1632, and was buried the next day in the quire of the church.xxi
In his will, which is dated on the day of his death, he
charges his gossips, me. Thomas Browne and Mr. James Swifte, to sell his books and apparel for
the benefit of his only son Edmund, and to ‘bring him up at the schoole.’ xxii The
will was proved at
Richard Titley
or Titlow was presented to the vicarage, 6
August 1632, by Winifred Browne, widow, instituted at
William Clarke was vicar as early as July, 1642, and as late as August 1647. From the minutes of the Committee of Plundered Ministers we learn that on 19 August, 1646, forty pounds a year was sequestered to him from the impropriate rectory of Heckington, since ‘the vicarage in the best times was worth but thirty pounds a year54,’
Richard Milward began his ministry at Bourne 19 August, 1649, as we are told by entries in the register55; and his name occurs in the register in connexion with the baptism of his daughter Anne in 1651 and with her burial in 1655.56
After the Restoration, no vicar was appointed for many years, and the church was served by curates, as the bishop’s transcripts shew.
‘Ed[wardus] Blithe vic. de Bourn 1710 [sic]’ occurs as a note on folio 183 of the register. He was instituted 24 July, 1712, on the presentation of the Queen.57
Another note at the end of the burials of 1641, states that William Dodd succeeded Edward Blithe as vicar of Bourne in 1727.58 He was instituted on 23 October in that year,59 and held the vicarage until his death in 1756. His son William, who was born at Bourne, and baptized there 23 May, 1728, was the versatile but unhappy Doctor William Dodd who was convicted of forgery in 1777, and hanged in spite of the labours of Doctor Samuel Johnson and others to obtain a reprieve.60 xxiii
The leading families in the part
of the register which is now printed were the Trollopes,
the Fishers,61
the Mores or Moores,62 and the
Sharpes.63 The first of the Trollopes to be found at Bourne was Thomas Trollope of
Cawthorpe, in 1543.64 His grandson,
William Trollope, of Bourne, Thurlby, and Casewick,
by his will, dated 16 November, 1636, and proved 7 July, 1637,65 provided for an endowment of thirty pounds a
year for the maintenance of an honest, learned, and godly schoolmaster in a
school built by himself, xxiv
which he wished to be a free grammar school incorporated by royal charter,
and to be called ‘The Free Grammar School of King Charles in the town of Bourn
and county of Lincoln of the foundation of William Trollop, gentleman.’ He also
provided for the foundation of a hospital containing almshouses for six poor
men of the town.66
Trollope’s eldest son Thomas was created a baronet, 5 February, 1641-2, and the
seventh baronet was raised to the peerage as Baron Kesteven, 14 April, 1868.
The peerage which was limited to the heirs male of the
first Lord Kesteven, became extinct on the death of Thomas Carew, the third
baron, a captain in the Lincolnshire Yeomanry, who died in a French military
hospital at
By a deed of feoffment,
dated 20 May, 1620, William Fisher endowed a tenement in
The Register 69 shews that there was a very high rate of mortality in 1634, 1638, and 1639, and we may suspect that this was caused by the plague which was constantly breaking out in England from the time of the Black Death to the date of the Fire of London. xxv The numbers of burials for ten years are as follows:
1633 63 1637 60 1640 44
1634 100 1638 126 1641 46
1635 37 1639 91 1642 47
1636 48
The first volume of the register contains various notes besides those already mentioned. Some of them relate to public events such as the death of Queen Elizabeth and the accession of James I70 ; the death of James and the accession of Charles I 71; the execution of Charles I 72; and the Gunpowder plot.73
Other entries relate to catastrophes:
1605 A most lamentable fyre happened upon the 23rd of August (see below, p. 44).
1636 A most feareful and terrable wind on the fourth of November in the nyght tyme (see below, p. 199).
1637 A most feareful fire in the Eagat, May 25 (ibid.).
One relates to the church plate:
Memorand’ the new siluer Cupp and the plate for the administrac’on of the Lords Supper were bought by John Hotchkine when he & John Smyth Alexander Lea & Thomas Hardwicke were Churchwardens in the yeare of our Lord 1658 (inside the back cover).
Others relate to the parish clerk:
John Harrison parish clarke of Bourne entered September 26th, 1652 (Register, f. 191d.).
William Fracy parish clarke of Bourne entered May 31th, 1703 (ibid.).
One, which is added to the burial of Thomas Gibson, 23 May, 1629, states that he was
as worthie a Shoolemaster as ever taught in Bourne (see below, p. 189). xxvi
Others concern private persons or relate to business:
Humphrie Baker sonne of Humphrie Baker was baptized in the parrish
Martin Lacey the sonn of John Lacey was borne but not baptized heare, 18th day of February, 1664 (ibid., f. 70d.).
I came to this house at our Ladie Day Anno Dom. 1618 (see below, p. 114).
Slaine by a carter (ibid., p. 192) xxvii
The 7th
of July 1631 Edw. Hill of Swinsted paid charges for
suites in lawe to Mrs Bay: her husband not com from
My son
Edward went with Corporall Lathorpe
to
The register contains the following list of collections made in the parish church in response to briefs, xxviii letters patent, and letters of request:
|
Folio 249 |
1660 xxix |
£ |
s. |
d. |
|
|
Sept. |
30 |
for losse by fire in Fakenham, co. Norf. |
1 |
0 |
5 |
|
Oct. |
7 |
for Tho. Vrye of HorneCastle vppon lettres patents for loss by fire |
1 |
5 |
0 |
|
Mar. |
10 |
for Georg Sharpe and Eliz: Nutt, widd’, of Potter Hanworth |
|
15 |
10 |
|
|
|
1661 |
|
|
|
|
Oct. |
6 |
for Rippon church, co. |
|
15 |
8 |
|
Apr. |
7 |
for losse by fire at
Milton Abbas, co. |
|
16 |
4 |
|
May |
10 |
vpon letters patents for losse by fire at Illminster, co. [ |
2 |
0 |
4 |
|
Apr. |
4 |
for Pontefracte church |
|
17 |
4 |
|
June |
2 |
for Rob’te Newham & Edward Peake of South Berlingham, co. Norf. |
|
14 |
0 |
|
|
2 |
vpon a briefe for the building of the church of [blank] co. [blank] |
|
14 |
0 |
|
|
23 |
towards the relief of John Dauyes who formerly had been a Capt’ in the King’s armye |
|
11 |
5½ |
|
|
30 |
towards the reliefe of Dalby Challcombe, co. Leic. |
|
13 |
4 |
|
July |
7 |
towards a losse by fire at Little Melton, co. Norf. |
|
14 |
2 |
|
Aug. |
25 |
for James Cooke of Rockland, co. Norf. |
|
9 |
0 |
|
|
25 |
for Edward Thorneton of Mountsorrel, co. Leic. |
|
5 |
0 |
|
|
4 |
for Beighton, co. |
|
14 |
6 |
|
|
30 |
for Great Drayton, co. Salop |
1 |
16 |
5 |
|
July |
13 |
for Southwolds co. Suff |
|
17 |
9 |
|
Dec. |
22 |
for the protestants in Lythuania |
|
12 |
8 |
|
Jan. |
5 |
for |
|
15 |
9 |
|
Feb. |
16 |
for Condouer church, co. Salop |
|
13 |
0 |
|
|
23 |
for the towne of Elmeley Castle, co. Worc. |
|
11 |
0 |
|
Mar. |
2 |
for Mr. James Dalby of Kirton in Linsey |
|
10 |
3 |
|
|
6 |
Collected of Thomas Dutton of |
|
14 |
1 |
|
|
|
1662 |
|
|
|
|
June |
1 |
for Ann Walter of Redriffe,
co. |
|
13 |
0 |
|
Folio 249d. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
June |
1 |
Given to Millicent Gansby of Pinchbecke |
|
3 |
0 |
|
Sept. |
21 |
for John Woolrich of Creswell, co. Staff. |
|
6 |
8 |
|
|
“ |
for Markett Harborrow |
|
4 |
11 |
|
|
28 |
for Simon Gray of Rihall |
|
11 |
11 |
|
Feb. |
1 |
for William Wallton of Witham on the Hill |
|
15 |
1 |
|
|
2 |
for Mistress Ayres of the Iseland of Bofine |
|
10 |
3 |
|
Mar. |
16 |
given to Eliz: Smyth wife of Thomas Smyth of the Isle of Aris upon a lettre of request granted to the said Smyth and John Boswell |
|
2 |
6 |
|
|
|
1663 |
|
|
|
|
June |
7 |
for Heighington in the parish of Washingborough |
|
16 |
4 |
|
Aug. |
2 |
for Henry [blank] of Gosbertowne vpon a letter of request for losse by fire |
|
14 |
6 |
|
|
“ |
for losse by fire in an
inn in Holbourne, |
|
16 |
0 |
|
Nov. |
1 |
for losse by fire at Grantham |
|
15 |
1 |
|
Oct. |
11 |
towards repaireing Harwich church |
|
11 |
0 |
|
|
17 |
for Hexam in Northumberland |
1 |
8 |
5 |
|
Jan. |
3 |
for |
|
9 |
7 |
|
|
31 |
for John Ellis of Milton co. Camb. |
|
12 |
11 |
|
Feb. |
28 |
for Sandwich church |
|
13 |
10 |
|
Mar. |
13 |
for Witham church, co. |
|
10 |
4 |
|
|
|
1664 |
|
|
|
|
Apr. |
17 |
for Edw: Christian of Grantham |
|
12 |
6 |
|
Folio 250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sept. |
4 |
for repairing the church in Cromer aliis Shipdon, co. Norf. |
|
11 |
1 |
|
|
25 |
for Thrapson bridge, co. North’ton |
|
7 |
1 |
|
Oct. |
2 |
for James Winfeild and James Young of the Isle of Geron |
|
10 |
0 |
|
|
“ |
for losse by fire in Bassingham in the parts of Kest’ |
|
5 |
3 |
|
|
23 |
for John Wayle of
Ilford, co. |
|
9 |
11 |
|
Nov. |
6 |
for Baseing church, co. South’ton |
|
9 |
7 |
|
|
13 |
for Weedon co. North’ton |
|
7 |
9 |
|
|
27 |
for Henry Lisle of Gisbrough,
co. |
|
7 |
0 |
|
|
“ |
for Laurence Holder, co. |
|
5 |
3 |
|
Feb. |
13 |
given to a letter of request out of the Isle of Skiddypoint to Ann Baley and others |
|
3 |
0 |
|
|
|
1665 |
|
|
|
|
Apr. |
16 |
for St. Maryes church
in |
|
9 |
9 |
|
May |
14 |
for losse by fire at Floockburg, co. Lanc. |
|
11 |
3 |
|
|
28 |
for repaireing Tinmouth church |
|
9 |
5 |
|
June |
11 |
for losse by fire at Bidford, co. Warw. |
|
10 |
10 |
|
July |
23 |
for Stillingfleet, co. |
|
[blank] |
|
|
|
30 |
for Wm. Shuter of Tanworth, co. Warw. |
|
8 |
7 |
|
Dec. |
10 |
for Hartley poole, co. |
|
7 |
4 |
|
Jan. |
14 |
for Clunn church, co Salop |
|
9 |
1 |
|
Folio 250d. |
1666 |
|
|
|
|
|
Oct. |
28 |
for Edward Goldsmith of Acton Trussell, co. Staff. |
|
5 |
0 |
|
|
“ |
for Roger Rogers of Douer,
co. |
|
8 |
7 |
|
Nov. |
11 |
for Melcombe Regis, co.
|
|
7 |
11 |
|
Dec. |
6 |
for John Osbourn, a |
|
9 |
1 |
|
Feb |
17 |
for losse by fire at Workshopp, co. Nott. |
|
11 |
3 |
|
|
|
1667 |
|
|
|
|
Apr. |
7 |
for loss by fire at Pooll, co. Mountgomery |
|
8 |
2 |
|
|
“ |
for loss by fire at Hinxton, c. Camb. |
|
6 |
2 |
|
|
|
1671 |
|
|
|
|
July |
16 |
for losse by fire att Yar74[blank],
co. |
|
12 |
0 |
|
|
|
1700 |
|
|
|
|
Aug. |
8 |
by virtue of brief for the redemption of slaves in Machane75 xxx |
1 |
10 |
11 |
The first volume of the parish register, of which the earlier part is printed in the following pages, is a large volume consisting of 250 parchment leaves, and measuring seventeen inches in height and seven inches in breadth. It contains:
|
Baptisms, |
1563-1663, |
on folios |
1-82d. |
|
“ |
1666-1716, |
“ |
222-248d. |
|
Marriages, |
1564-1715, |
“ |
84-112d. |
|
Burials, |
1562-1716, |
“ |
113-191 and 193-221d. |
|
Memoranda |
“ |
191d-192d. |
|
|
Collections upon Briefs |
“ |
249-250d. |
|
The cover, which is brown calf of
the year 1660, is worn and tender. Many of the leaves are loose, and it is very
desirable that the volume should be re-bound. The leaves are numbered by an
ancient hand from 1 to 184, and remaining folios have been numbered in pencil
by the present writer. Folios 222-250 come between folios 82 and 83. A note on
the inside of the front cover says:
An addition to this Register Booke was putt in and also the same was new bound in the yeare of our lord 1660: Charles Bagshaw
gent’ Tho: Willoughby Esq. Rob’te
Hardwicke gent’ and Will’m Hardwicke iu’ xxxi being
Churchwardens.
The entries down to the end of
1600 have evidently been copied from an earlier register in accordance with the
constitution of the convocation of the
For the years 1663 to 1667 inclusive the register contains only a very few entries with large spaces between them. For 1663 and 1664 the bishops’ transcripts supply the deficiency, but there are no transcripts for the years 1665, 1666, and 1667. A memorandum on the inside of the front cover says: ‘There is not any register kept for the years 1663-4-5-6-7.’
The register has been collated
with the bishops’ transcripts preserved in the Lincoln Episcopal Registry, and
differences of reading are given. A schedule76 shews what transcripts are extant. A note on the inside of the
front cover of the Register says, ‘The Register from [16]48: to [16]61: was
transcribed Anno 1661 and retourned into the Court at
It only remains for the writer to thank the Vicar and Churchwardens of Bourne for placing the register at his disposal. He also wishes to acknowledge the patient help which in a long and laborious task he has received from his clerks, Miss F. E. Thurlby and Miss E. Kettleborough.
C. W. Foster.
Timberland Vicarage,
11th September, 1920.
Foster’s Footnotes.
[The reference ‘see below’ refers to the main part
of the Bourne Parish Register, of which the present transcription is of
Foster’s introduction. (RJP)]
1. ↑ For
accounts of Bourne abbey and castle, see Dugdale, Monasticon
(ed 1817-30), vi, 370-2 ; Associated Architectural
Societies’ Reports, vol. vi, pp. vii-x; vol. xx, pp. 1-19; vol. xxxii, pp.
329-32; Victoria History of the County of Lincoln, ii, 177-9. For episcopal visitations of the abbey, see A. Hamilton
Thompson, Visitations of Religious Houses, L.R.S., vii.
8-10; xiv. 36-8.
2.
P.R.O. Lay Subsidy Rolls, 137/410, mem. 1, 2; 137/427, mem. 1.
3.
The word represents the Old and Middle English éa=a river. Here and elsewhere in
4. ↑ P.D.,
1505, no 69. Valor Ecclesiasticus,
iv, 103.
5.
The corse-present was an oblation or present made at
the funeral. The secundum lagatum was the mortuary due to the church as a
composition for tithes forgotten or withheld. The principale
(sc. legatum) was strictly the heriot
due to the lord of the fee; while the secundum
legatum went to the church. The term principale, however, is often used of the mortuary.
The provincial constitution quoted by Ducange s.v. mortuarium), which he
attributes to Langton, but which is now more generally quoted as Winchelsey’s, defines the mortuary of a person who has
three or more beasts as secundum melius animal, which supplies a gloss upon secundum legatum.
The reason for the specification of these fees in the ordination of the
vicarage is doubtless that, as the parish altar was in the conventual
church and marriages and burials took place within the precincts, the abbot and
convent could claim such dues as their right, but waived them in perpetuity in
favour of the vicar. The writer is indebted to Mr. A. Hamilton Thompson, M.A.,
F.S.A., for information about these fees.
6. ↑ A.
Gibbons, Liber Antiquus
Vicariarum tempore Hugonis
Wells, 61.
7.
8. ↑ Letters
and Papers, Henry VIII, vol. xiii, part i, p.
579.
9. ↑ Ibid., part ii, no. 1182 (25).
10. P.R.O., Feet
of Fines, 7 Edward VI, Trinity, no. 4.
11. ↑
Associated Architectural Societies’ Reports, xx, 19.
12. See below, p. 128 and
note.
13. Trollope, The
Family of Trollope, 13, 14.
14. ↑
Certificate, dated 11 May, 1608, attached to a presentation deed (P.D.,
1642. no. 49).
15. Calendar of Inquisitions,
ix, pp. 202, 205.
16. Calendarium
Inquis. Post Mortem, iii, 32, 78, 298.
17. Ibid., iv,
214.
18. P.R.O., Inquisitions Post
Mortem, Exchequer Inquisitions, series ii, file
548, nos. 12, 23.
19. P.R.O., Feet of Fines, 6 Eliz., Easter, no. 33.
20. ↑ P.R.O., Feet of
Fines, 4 Eliz. (divers), Easter, no. 10; 5 Eliz.,
Trinity, no. 11; 8 Eliz. (divers), Easter, no. 14; 9
Eliz. (divers), Trinity, no. 2; 20 Eliz., Easter, no. 7; 33 Eliz., Hilary, no.
14; 39 Eliz., Hilary, no. 7.
21. ↑ Calendar of
the Charter Rolls, iv., 16, 33.
22. Dict. Nat.
Biog, xii, 965.
23. The
Itinerary of John Leland, ed. Toulmin Smith. i, 25.
24. History of
26. ↑ Gardiner, History
of the Great Civil War (1893 edition), ii, 360, 367-72.
27. See below
p. 209.
28. Gardiner, op.
cit., iii, 26.
29.
30. P.R.O., State
Papers Domestic,
33. L.R.S.,
ii, 212-13.
34. P.D.,
1586, no. 32.
35. L.R.S.,
ii, 209.
37. P.D.,
1581, no. 41. L.R.S., ii, 29.
38. Lincoln
Episcopal Registry, Liber Cleri,
1585, folio 7.
39. P.D.,
1585 no. 21.
40.
Muniments of the Dean and Chapter of
41. ↑ P.D.,
1592, no. 20; 1612, no. 58.
42. P.R.O., Bishops’
Certificates.
43. P.D.,
1606, no. 48.
44. P.D.,
1585, no. 29.
45.
Muniments of the Dean and Chapter of
46. ↑ Liber
Cleri, 1603, f. 38.
47. The State
of the Church at the time of Elizabeth and James I, as illustrated by documents
in the
48.
49. See below,
p. 170.
50. P.D.,
1613, no. 38.
53. P.D.,
1632, no. 11.
54.
See below, pp. 94, 207. W. E. Foster, The
Plundered Ministers of
55. See
below, pp. 96, 122, 214.
57.
58. Page 207.
59. Ibid.,
xxxviii, p. 172
60. Dict. Nat.
Biog.
61. ↑ Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees Harlian
Society, volumes l-liii, i, 352-3.
62. Ibid.,
ii, 687.
63. Ibid.,
iii, 867-8.
64. P.R.O., Lay
Subsidy Roll, 137/393.
65. Perogative Court of Canterbury, Goare, 109.
66. ↑ Trollope, op. cit.
14, 15; see below, p. 209.
67. Now called
68. Report of
the Charity Commissioners, 1839, 32-part iv, p.
315.
69. See below,
p. 203.
70. See below,
p. 161.
72. See below,
p. 214.
73. Register,
f. 191d.
74. ↑ Query Yarm. [Grid ref.
NZ4112 (RJP)]
75. Query
for Mahomet.
Commentary
This is a summary made by a thoroughly competent
historian, of the results of his study of Bourne, particularly of the Parish Register.
It was published in 1921 but broadly, what he has to say summarises what is
known today, from historians’ techniques, of the period he covers. Since he
wrote, archaeology has developed considerably. By combining the reading of
historians’ documents with a reading of archaeologists’ artefacts, including
the use of such documents as maps, it is possible to say more about the
questions of the ruin of the abbey chancel and of the castle. It is very easy
to dismiss evidence which seems incongruous but that evidence is very often the
key to a better understanding if one takes the trouble to learn which pattern
it fits. Where Foster is puzzled, he has the good sense to accept the fact and
put the problem aside for further work, perhaps using techniques for which he
had not been trained.
i. ↑
That Foster should have discounted Moor’s Account of Aveland
(ref.) is perhaps understandable. It
would not have been up to his 2oth century professional standard.
ii. ↑
This was the appointment of a priest as vicar, rather
than the vicarage house.
iii. ↑ The oblations are the congregation’s gifts (the collection),
to be the vicar’s when made at services on the major festivals, such
as Easter Day.
v. ↑
This year was when the greatest monastic houses in
vi. ↑
The decay seems to have arisen from Cromwellian reforming zeal shortly before Elizabeth Gee was
buried on 12 December 1643. This conclusion can be drawn from an archaeological
reading of the building in the light of historical information. See the notes
on Bourne Abbey Chancel.
vii. ↑ This supports the view taken in note v. If the abbey had not
been dissolved before 1537 (new style), the king would not have had the
property available for letting to Cotton.
viii. ↑ The dwelling house, Bourne Abbey, which was on the site of
the west range of the cloister and is nowadays referred to as Abbey House, was not built
until 1764. (Birkbeck p. 71)
ix. ↑
The manor of Bourne Abbots.
x. ↑
The manor of Bourne. This had appertained to the castle as opposed to the
Abbey. By this time, it was in the hands of the Cecil Family and it would
become part of the Exeter Estate. It is almost certain that the two manors had
been separated when Baldwin fitz Gilbert had founded
the abbey, with its charter of 1138.
xi. ↑
Barkby is now in the north-eastern fringe of
xii. ↑ This does not refer to the secularized property, originally
let to Cotton. The ‘ownership’ manifested itself primarily in the advowson, the right to present
new vicars. See Wikipedia: parish. The family’s monument in the
church forms a key to the archaeological understanding of events there in the
first half of the 17th century.
xiii. ↑ Though many would express doubts about this, a close reading
of de gestis Herwardi chapter xxxvi, it appears
that on his reconciliation with William I, apparently late in 1086, Hereward
had recovered his father’s property in Bourne. The property was then owned by a
succession of heiresses, beginning, it seems, with Hereward’s daughter, Torfrida (named after her mother) and the woman in question
here was his great, great granddaughter, Emma. It was by this means that the
property descended from the pre-Conquest earl of
xiv. ↑ This king was the young Henry VIII. When his father, Henry
Tudor took the crown at Bosworth Field
(1485), he had also taken the manor of Bourne.
The countess of
xv. ↑ This process happened over a long period, by neglect and
periodic demolition. It seems to have begun when Lady Blanche Wake died. Her
will was proved in 1380. It then passed to Joan Princess of
xvi. ↑ Evidently,
Peak was writing before the 1540 period, in which Leland was working. Moore (pp. 4-5) tells us that it was in 1380. The best guess for the date
of the stripping of the castle is while it was in the hands of the Tudors: after
1485 and before it was handed to the Cecils, a little before 1520. Most people
quote Marrat’s quotation
of Peak, though Moore
published it a few years earlier (1809 as opposed to 1816). The matter of where
xvii. ↑ This was in order to counter a perceived threat of Royalist
attack after the fall
of Leicester. At the time, the king was on the loose in the Leicestershire
and Nottinghamshire area and Parliamentarians would have needed to take
precautions against the eventuality of his striking eastwards to cut
xviii. ↑ The
burial was on 14th December 1644. Early in the month Cromwell’s
troops were in the Sleaford area and on 7th January they were in
xix ↑
xx ↑
Lady Day, 25th March, was
New Year’s Day. The modern start of the
xxi ↑ The
burial in the quire gives a date after which the use of it was abandoned. It
was rebuilt in 1807 (See details).
xxii ↑ The old
Grammar School building was erected in 1626. Major repairs were done in 1738,
so its present form is not quite that of 1632 (See details).
xxiii ↑ The elder man’s grave
stone is in the Abbey, near the font, though the burial is unlikely to have
been in this position (see details). See details
of the son.
xxiv ↑ The founding had
already been done: there had earlier been a grammar school and whether or not
it had become defunct, a new building was provided by Trollope in 1626. See
also note xxvi.
xxv ↑ 1348 to
1666.
xxvi ↑ The interest in
this entry lies in the fact that the school building, parts of which remain
today was erected in 1626 and this burial was conducted in 1629. Either the
clerk was being ironical or the school had been running for a significant time
in the clerk’s remembrance before the building was put up.
xxvii ↑ It is not clear
whether this is concerned with a road accident or whether the carter and the
deceased got into a fight, for example.
xxviii ↑ Brief sb. 3. A
Letter patent issued by the sovereign as Head of the Church, licensing a
collection in the churches throughout England of a specific object; a Church
Brief or King’s Letter. (OED)
xxix ↑
This was the year of The Restoration of the Monarchy. Charles II returned from
his exile, landing at
xxx ↑
In the 17th century, there were raids made by Moorish pirates on the
coasts of south-west of